Why this code's JTextArea occupies entire JFrame?

I expect part of my frame contains the JTextArea but it occupies entirely. I cannot trace the error here.

import java.awt.*;    
import javax.swing.*;

public class EchoServer 
{
   public static void main(String args[])
   {
       CalcFram开发者_如何学Goe c = new CalcFrame();
       CalcTextArea a = new CalcTextArea();
   } 
}

class CalcTextArea 
{
    JTextArea historyDisplayer  = new JTextArea("",50,20);
    CalcTextArea()
    {  
          //historyDisplayer.setVisible(true);
          historyDisplayer.insert("Hello World", 0);              
          Color bg = new Color(23,34,56);              
          historyDisplayer.setBackground(bg);               
          historyDisplayer.setBackground(bg);
    }       
}

class CalcFrame extends CalcTextArea
{
    JFrame frame = new JFrame(); 
    CalcFrame()
    {
        frame.setSize(DEFAULT_WIDTH,DEFAULT_HEIGHT);
        frame.setTitle("CALCULATOR");
        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.add(historyDisplayer);

    }
    private static int  DEFAULT_WIDTH = 299,DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 190; 
}

---

JFrame by default uses BorderLayout. When you just add something onto a BorderLayout component like JFrame, it would add to the very center of the BorderLayout (if you did not specify where to add the component), and it takes up the entire JFrame.

You should use the correct layout to adjust them.

---

You can try using Absolute layout. It's on the Layouts Pallet.

Or enable it with :

frame = new JFrame();
... //your code here

// to set absolute layout.
frame.getContentPane().setLayout(null);

This way, you can freely place the control anywhere you like.