Why does this code produce "syntax error, unexpected '='"?

$text . = '1 paragraph';
$text . = '2 paragraph';
$text . = '3 paragraph';
echo $text;

This code gives error syn开发者_JAVA技巧tax error, unexpected '='.

What is the problem?

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I think you want:

$text = '1 paragraph';
$text .= '2 paragraph';
$text .= '3 paragraph';
echo $text;

Note that the first line does not use .=, and just uses =

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If you are going to output all of that anyway, then why concatenate at all? Just echo it:

echo '1 paragraph', 
     '2 paragraph',
     '3 paragraph';

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The space between the dot and the equal? .= instead of . =

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Others have already pointed out the error: space between . and =.

This is a syntax/parse error. When PHP sees the . followed by space it takes . as a separate token which is used for string concatenation. Now it expects a string or a variable after it. But when it sees the = it throws the parse error as it does not match the PHP grammar.

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Also can echo like this

echo '1 paragraph'.'2 paragraph'.'3 paragraph';